hidden Amateur People Theatres PUBLIC THEATRES. There are more than 300 theatre companies and studios in the Leningrad Oblast. Public theatres form the basis of the amateur theatres movement – the Leningrad Oblast numbers 53 public theatres (35 drama theatres and 18 puppet... more

hidden Baptism Baptism. Kind of Protestantism. In 1880 the first baptist prayer hall was opened in St Petersburg, in 1884 the first congress of baptists and the Evangelical Christians of Russia, closed to it, took place in St Petersburg. Soon the ban on the... more

hidden Bazaine, Pyotr Petrovich (1786 - 1838), an architect, scientist, teacher Bazaine, Pyotr Petrovich (1786 - 1838), an engineer-builder, mechanic, mathematician, teacher, Corresponding Member (18170, honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1827), Lieutenant-General (1830). He was of France origin. From... more

hidden Book Trade BOOK TRADE.On the territory of Saint Petersburg Gubernia book trade showed slow progress due to the closeness of a large Saint Petersburg market which almost satisfied the public's need for books.By 1904 the specialized book trade had been... more

hidden Chelishchev, Petr Ivanovich (1745-1811) , a literary man Chelishchev, Petr Ivanovich (1745-1811) , a literary man, traveller. In 1766 he finished the Page Corps. Chelishchev together with the group of graduates (A.N. Radishchev was among them) were sent to the Leipzig University. In 1770 he returned into... more

hidden Children Art Schools CHILDREN’S ARTS SCHOOLS (CAS). In the last years Children’s Musical Schools (CMS) and Children’s Painting Schools (CPS) have had a growing tendency for unification into Children’s Arts Schools (CAS). By 2007 the Leningrad oblast had had 104 CAS,... more

hidden "Day of the Leningard Oblast", holiday of the oblast (region) “DEN LENINGRADSKOY OBLASTY” (“THE DAY OF THE LENINGRAD OBLAST”), the oblast holiday. It is celebrated in the beginning of August (The resolution about the establishment of the Leningrad Oblast was issued by the Soviet Central Executive... more

hidden Heraldry of the Leningrad Oblast, the The Heraldry of the Leningrad Oblast originated from the 15th century and is one of the oldest in the Russian Federation. In the historical-heraldic respect, the territory of the modern Leningrad Oblast is divided into three parts: Karelian Isthmus,... more

hidden Houses and Palaces of Culture CENTRES OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES (HOUSES AND PALACES OF CULTURE), cultural and educational institutions similar to clubs, the main aims of the centres are: to serve as social, cultural, educational, health and entertaining centres... more

hidden Icons, revered and miracle-working Icons, revered and miracle-working. The Miracle-Working Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God, according to the legend , was painted by Apostle Luke. It was moved from Jerusalem to Constantinopole, where it dissappeared in 1383 and it appeared above... more

hidden Industrial architecture Industrial architecture. Study of structural and functional features of the production constructions in terms of their aesthetic expression started recently. On the material of the Leningrad region of such studies have not yet done. A small number... more

hidden Judaism Judaism. This Confession began to disseminate in the St Petersburg Guberniya from the middle of the 19th century. In 1863 the Rabbi activity was permited in St Petersburg and the first prayer meetinghouse was opened, in 1893 the Choral... more

hidden Kirovsk District KIROVSK DISTRICT, a part of Leningrad Oblast. Area: 2590.9 sq. km. Population: 97,000. Located in the central part of Leningrad Oblast. In the north, it borders the Lake Ladoga coast; in the north-west and west, Vsevolozhsk District, in the west,... more

hidden Ladoga Lake LAKE LADOGA. Located in Leningrad Oblast and the Republic of Karelia. In the Middle Ages, it was called Nevo (Baltic Finnish nevo = “moss marsh.”) The current name originates from the middle Scand. Aldoga (fm the Baltic Finnish Alodejogi = “the... more

hidden Ladoga Canals, the LADOGA CANALS. They connect the mouth of the Volkhov River and the head of the Neva, extending along the south coast of Lake Ladoga. There are two canals, Staroladozhsky and Novoladozhsky. The canal construction was urged by the necessity to have a... more

hidden "Ladoga", a newspaper "Ladoga" (20 Krasnoflotskaya Street, Kirovsk Town), a social and political newspaper of the Kirovsk District. It has been published since January 1, 1978 as the organ of the Kirovsk Town Committee of KPSS (the Communist Party of the Soviet Union)... more

hidden Lutheranism Lutheranism. The first Lutheran parish was formed in Koporye in 1590 in the territory of the contemporary Leningrad Oblast. The dissemination of Lutheranism began in Russia after the annexation of the lands of the Neva River by Sweden in 1617. ... more

hidden Maps and plans MAPS AND PLANS. The oldest M.a .P. of the Leningrad Oblast area are dated 16th century. The Neva Land and the Karelian Isthmus with the towns of Noteborg (Schlusselburg) and Kexholm (Priozersk), although with many distortions, are presented in... more

hidden Neva River, the NEVA, river in Leningrad Oblast and SPb. It was formed c. 3000 years ago due to a water breakthrough from Lake Ladoga to the Baltic Sea along the old valleys of the Mga and Tosna rivers. The toponym “Neva” is borrowed from the Baltic Finnish... more

hidden Novikov, Nikolay Ivanovich (1744-1818), a literary man Novikov, Nikolay Ivanovich (1744-1818), a writer, journalist, publisher. He attended the High School at the Moscow University during 1756-1759. From 1762 Novikov surved in the Life Guard Izmailovsky Regiment. During 1767-1768 Novikov was the... more

hidden Periodicals Periodical press. Till 1917 the periodical press was not developed good in the St. Petersburg Gubernia. The newspaper "Cankt Peterburgskiye vedomosti" ("The St. Petersburg Bulletin", 1838-1916) and the weekly magazine "Sankt Peterburgsky dukhovny... more

hidden Peter I, monuments to Monuments to Peter I. One of the first monuments to Peter I was erected in the town of Lodeinoye Pole on May 23, 1833. The cast-iron obelisk was erected on the merchant M. Sofronov's means not far from place where Peter I lived when the Olonetskaya... more

hidden Protection of monuments of history and culture The protection of history and culture monuments. Issues of the monuments protection are germane to the degree of their studying, right description and fixing. In Russia, the beginnings of interest in monuments of native antiquity were reflected in... more

hidden Restoration of buildings of architectural and historic interest. Restoration of buildings of architectural and historic interest. The first experience of the research restoration of the Russian Middle Ages monuments in the territory of the pesent-day Leningrad Oblast dates from 1846-1847, when in the Ivangorod... more

hidden Roads ROADS. Historically, the road network in the territory of Leningrad oblast has been developing unevenly: the regions east of the Volkhov River are worse provided with R. because the principal economic, military, and cultural centers have always been... more

hidden Shlisselburg Fortress "Oreshek", a museum Shlisselburg (Schlusselburg) Fortress "Oreshek", a museum (Shlisselburg Town, Oreshek Island), is a branch of the State museum of the history of Sankt Petersburg from 1965. The museum was founded in 1925 and it was presented for visitors, as a... more

hidden Shlisselburg Fortress, the The Shlisselburg Fortress (untill 1612 it is called Oreshek, from 1612 untill 1702 – Noteburg) is an ancient Russian fortress on Orekhov Island, on the Neva River where it flows out of Lake Ladoga. In 1323 Grand Prince Yury Danilovich and citizens... more

hidden Shlisselburg Town coat of arms, the The Shlisselburg Town's coat of arms is the official symbol approved with the decision of the Representative Assembly of the town of Shlisselburg (of the second calling) of 7 February 1997 under the No2/7 “O gerbe g. Shlisselburg” (About the... more

hidden Shostakovich, Dmitry Dmitriyevich, (1906 - 1975), a musician SHOSTAKOVICH, Dmitry Dmitriyevich (1906–1975), composer, pianist, teacher, public figure. In 1919 he entered St.Petersburg Conservatory, in 1923 he graduated from the Conservatory piano class (teacher L.V. Nikolaev), in 1925 – composition class... more

hidden The Cathedral of the Birth of John the Precursor (Schlusselburg) The Cathedral of the Birth of John the Precursor (Schlusselburg, Oreshek Island). The Nikolayevsky Lyalikin Monastery worked in the Oreshek Fortress (see: the Schlusselburg Fortress) in the 15th century. The monastery was lost in the years of the... more

hidden The Church of the Transfiguration of Christ (Schlusselburg Town) The Church of the Transfiguration of Christ (Schlüsselburg ). The original wooden church, built before 1500, was probably destroyed at the Trouble Times. The new stone cemetery church with built up four-tier bell tower (there were seven bells by... more

hidden Toponymia of the Leningrad Oblast, the The leningrad Oblast toponymia. Toponymia is the combination of toponyms, proper names of geographical objects. There are several kinds of toponyms: hydronym, a name of water object; oikonym, a name of a settlement; horonym, an element of relief;... more

hidden Typographical and Publishing Business Typography and Publishing was developed comparatively poor in St. Petersburg gubernia, it was determined with the closeness to St. Petersburg, one of the most large scale printing and publishing centre. In 1904 there was a printing house in towns of... more

hidden White Sea-Baltic Sea Waterway, the WHITE SEA-BALTIC SEA WATERWAY, a canal system connecting the White Sea and the Baltic Sea. It includes the White Sea-Baltic Canal, Lake Onega, Svir River, Ladoga Canals, and Neva River. It has access to the Volga-Baltic Waterway via Lake Onega. The... more

hidden Zabolotsky, Pyotr Yefimovich (1803-1866), an artist ZABOLOTSKY, Pyotr Yefimovich (1803, Tikhvin Town – 1866), artist. He was born in a bourgeois (from other sources – in a peasant) family. In 1826, on A.R. Tomilov’s advice, he entered the St.Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts as an auditor... more