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Articles / Annensky fortifications (Vyborg Town)
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Annensky fortifications (Vyborg Town)


Subject / Architecture/Fortresses and other fortifications

Annensky fortifications (Vyborg Town) (They are located in the town of Vyborg between Petrovskaya embankment and Batalyonnaya street).The system of the defensive military constructions is located in the south-east part of Tverdysh Island. The fortifications are a system of bastions with battlements connected by the curtain, earthworks and ditches. They form three bastion fronts. The name Annenkron or Crown of St. Anne was given to the fortress after Empress Anna Ioannovna. The military engineer Major-General Kulon’s project was approved in 1731, the bastions were built by 1742 and the bastions were built till 1750 under the supervision of General Field-Marshal B.K Minih , later they were built under the leadership of A.P. Hannibal. The fortifications’ escarpment (an outer wall) was made of granite boulders, which was mortared (height 10 m, thickness 3 m). The stone Ravelinny Gate and Abosky (Fredrikshamn) Gate were built in earth curtains along the axis of the old fortress road that leads to the west. In the 19th century the bastion of St. Anne was cut with Ostrovnaya street which led to the western part of Tverdysh Island. The complex, which included the guardhouse and powder depots was retained partly.

Authors
Piryutko, Yuri Minayevich

Persons
Anna Ivanovna, Empress
Hannibal, Abraham (Ibrahim) Petrovich
Kulon, De
Munnich, Christofor Antonovich (Burhard Kristof), Count

Geography
Leningrad Oblast, the/Vyborg District/Vyborg Town/Batalyonnaya Street
Leningrad Oblast, the/Vyborg District/Vyborg Town/Ostrovnaya Street
Leningrad Oblast, the/Vyborg District/Vyborg Town/Petrovskaya Embankment
Topographical landmarks/Tverdysh Island

Bibliography
Кепп Е.Е. Архитектурные памятники Выборга. Л., 1977., С.114-121
Кепп Е.Е. Выборг: Художественные достопримечательности. 1992., С.52-55
Kauppi, U.-R., Milcik M. I. Viipuri: Vanhan Suomen paakaupunki. Helsinki, 1993, С.52-55


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Vyborg, town
VYBORG (Swedish Wiborg; Finnish Viipuri, until 1948), town, adm. center of Vyborg District. Population: 79,200. The toponym Vyborg originates from the Old Norse Wiborg = “sacred fortress.” It was founded in 1293 at the place of the Vuoksa River’s... more