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White Sea-Baltic Sea Waterway, the
White Sea-Baltic Sea Waterway, theThe waterways connecting the core of Novgorod’s lands to the White Sea were formed in the 12th-13th cc. In 1702, under the leadership of Peter I, two warships and troops were transported by waterways and by portage. The route (so-called “Sovereign’s Road”) extended from the mouth of the Nyukhcha River flowing into the White Sea to Povenets on Lake Onega and further via Onega, the Svir, and Lake Ladoga up to Noteburg (Oreshek.) Projects to connect the White Sea and the Baltic Sea by building a canal between the White Sea and Lake Onega existed from the late18th century. The problem was only solved in the 20th century. On June 3, 1930 the USSR Council of Labor and Defense adopted the resolution on the construction of the White Sea-Baltic Canal. The construction started in the autumn of 1931. The convicted men were involved in the construction . On August 2, 1933 the canal was opened, and the system was put into operation. This enabled to shorten the route between the Baltic Sea and White Sea by 4000 km. The canal was destroyed in December 1941, but restored in June 1946. W.B.W. extends across the Republic of Karelia. Its length is 227 km, of which 43 km are artificial canals. The canal’s facilities include 19 locks, 15 levees, 49 dams, and 12 floodgates. The waterway’s importance increased in 1964, after the Volga-Baltic Waterway was put into operation. Located along the W.B.W. route are several large urban settlements of Leningrad Oblast: Voznesenye urban settlement, Podporozhye town, Nikolsky, Vazhiny, and Svirstroy urban settlements, the towns of Lodeynoye Pole, Novaya Ladoga, and Shlisselburg, Dubrovka and Pavlovo urban settlements, Otradnoye town, and urban settlement named after Sverdlov. Authors
Yegorov, Sergey Borisovich
Persons
Peter I, Emperor
Geography
Topographical landmarks/Baltic Sea, the
Leningrad Oblast, the/Vsevolozhsk District/Dubrovka Urban Settlement Neighbouring Territories/Karelian Republic Topographical landmarks/Ladoga Canals, the Topographical landmarks/Ladoga Lake Leningrad Oblast, the/Lodeynoye Pole District/Lodeynoye Pole Town Topographical landmarks/Neva River, the Leningrad Oblast, the/Podporozhye District/Nikolsky Urban Settlement Leningrad Oblast, the/Volkhov District/Novaya Ladoga Town Topographical landmarks/Onega Lake Historical Toponyms/Oreshek Town Leningrad Oblast, the/Kirovsk District/Otradnoye Town Leningrad Oblast, the/Kirovsk District/Pavlovo Urban Village Leningrad Oblast, the/Podporozhye District/Podporozhye Town Leningrad Oblast, the/Shlisselburg Town Topographical landmarks/Svir River, the Leningrad Oblast, the/Lodeynoye Pole District/Svirstroy Urban Settlement Leningrad Oblast, the/Vsevolozhsk District/Urban Settlement named after Sverdlov Leningrad Oblast, the/Podporozhye District/Vazhyni Urban Settlement Leningrad Oblast, the/Podporozhye District/Voznesenye Urban Settlement Topographical landmarks/White Sea-Baltic Waterway, the Bibliography
Дмитриев Ю.А. Беломорско-Балтийский водный путь (от замыслов до воплощения). Петрозаводск, 2003.
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