Ingermanlandia

Subject / Topography/Administrative - territorial division
Subject / Ethnic culture/Ethnic communities/
Subject / Ethnic culture//
INGERMANLANDIA (Swed. Ingermanland, Rus. Izhora Land or Ingria), historic and cultural region in the western part of the Leningrad Oblast (Kingisepp, Volosovo, Lomonosov, Vsevolozhsk, Gatchina, Tosno, western part of Kirovsk Districts.) The western border of I. is the Narova river; in the east, the Lava river; in the north, the Sestra River (further corresponds to the Finnish border that existed before 1940, and currently to the northern border of Vsevolozhsk District.) The southern border has no strict natural landmarks and coincides with the border between Sweden and Russia established by the Stolbovoy Treaty of 1617. The toponym I. originates from the Finnish Inkerinmaa (Inkeri = Izhorian people or Izhora River, maa = land.) I. belonged to Veliky Novgorod (from circa 12th century), and to the Russian State from the late 15th century. The border location of the region dictated erection of stone fortresses: Oreshek, Koporye, Yam, Ivangorod. In 1617, I. became the Swedish territory and was made a separate adm. entity with the status of a gained province (provinserna) with the center in Narva City. In the early 18th century, as a result of Victories in the Northern War, Russia regained the lands of I., which became part of Ingermanlandian Province in 1708 (St. Petersburg Gubernia from 1710.) The culture of the population was formed as a result of long contacts between Baltic Finnish ethnic communities (Vod and Izhorians; Ingermanlandian Finns, settlers who moved in the 17th century from the Karelian Isthmus and from Eastern Finland) and Slavs who had been penetrating into the region from the 8th century. German colonists settled in I. from the mid-18th century, and Estonians, from the 19th century. Currently, the vast majority of the population is Russian, which was promoted by inflow of Russian peasants from other regions in the 18th – 20th centuries, by natural assimilation of Finnish-speaking residents, by deportations of the Germans and Baltic Finns in the 20th century (see Ethnic Deportations.) Chistyakov, Anton Yuryevich
Neighbouring Territories/Finland
Leningrad Oblast, the/Gatchina District
Historical Toponyms/Ingermanlandia (Ingria)
Historical Toponyms/Ingermanlandian Gubernia (Province)
Topographical landmarks/Izhora River, the
Topographical landmarks/Karelian Isthmus, the
Leningrad Oblast, the/Kingisepp District
Leningrad Oblast, the/Kirovsk District
Topographical landmarks/Lava River, the
Leningrad Oblast, the/Lomonosov District
Topographical landmarks/Narova River, the
Neighbouring Territories/Narva City
Topographical landmarks/Narva River, the
Historical Toponyms/Saint Petersburg Gubernia, the
Topographical landmarks/Sestra River, the
Leningrad Oblast, the/Tosno District
Leningrad Oblast, the/Volosovo District
Leningrad Oblast, the/Vsevolozhsk District
Мы живем на одной земле: Население Петербурга и Ленингр. обл. / Сост. и науч. ред. К. В. Чистов. СПб., 1992.
Исаченко Г. А. «Окно в Европу»: История и ландшафты. СПб., 1998
Мусаев В. И. Политическая история Ингерманландии конца XIX–ХХ в. СПб., 2001
Amburger E. Ingermanland. Kцln; Wien, 1980.
Гадло А.В., Егоров С.Б., Верняев И.И., Чистяков А.Ю. Этнография Северо-Запада России. Южные окрестности Петербурга – Приладожье – центральные районы Псковщины. СПб., 2004.
Inkeri. Historia, kanssa, kulttuuri. Helsinki, 1991
Colonists (immigrants in Tsar Russia)
Estonians
Ethnic deportations
Finns of Ingermanlandia
Germen
Ivangorod Fortress
Izhora (Izhora men)
Koporye Fortress
Oreshek, see Schlusselburg Fortress
Russians
Vod (Votes)
Yamgorod Fortress