hidden Book Trade BOOK TRADE.On the territory of Saint Petersburg Gubernia book trade showed slow progress due to the closeness of a large Saint Petersburg market which almost satisfied the public's need for books.By 1904 the specialized book trade had been... more

hidden Chelishchev, Petr Ivanovich (1745-1811) , a literary man Chelishchev, Petr Ivanovich (1745-1811) , a literary man, traveller. In 1766 he finished the Page Corps. Chelishchev together with the group of graduates (A.N. Radishchev was among them) were sent to the Leipzig University. In 1770 he returned into... more

hidden Children libraries CHILDREN’S LIBRARIES Before 1917 libraries for children in the Saint Petersburg Gubernia were mainly libraries at secondary public colleges, parish schools, etc. Children formed a substantial (about 60 to 70 per cent) part of the reader audience in... more

hidden Estonians Estonians (their native name is Eestlased, old use - Maarakhvas) is an ethnic community. The Estonian language is related to the Baltic-Finnic subgroup od the Finno-Ugric branch of the Uralic language family. They live in Estonia (963 thousand... more

hidden Finns Finns (old use - Chukhnas, their native name is Suomalaiset) is an ethnic community which is a part of the population of the Leningrad Oblast. In the world there are more than 5 million Finns. They are the main population of Finland (4,6 million... more

hidden Finns of Ingermanlandia Finns of Ingermanlandia (Finns-Inkeri, Finns of Leningrad; old use - Chukhonets, Maimists; their own native names - Soumalaiset, Inkerin Suomolaiset) are an ethnic community. They speak local accents of the eastern dialects (the Baltic-Finnic... more

hidden Gypsies Gypsies (their native name is Roma) is an ethnic community which is a part of the population of the Leningrad Oblast. The descendants of the migrants from Germany and Sweden related to the group of "Russian Roma" were noted on the territory of the... more

hidden Ingermanlandia INGERMANLANDIA (Swed. Ingermanland, Rus. Izhora Land or Ingria), historic and cultural region in the western part of the Leningrad Oblast (Kingisepp, Volosovo, Lomonosov, Vsevolozhsk, Gatchina, Tosno, western part of Kirovsk Districts.) The western... more

hidden Islam Islam. Devotees of Islam, mainly tatars, appeared in the St Peresburg Guberniya in the early 18th с, when the working people, from the central regions of Russia, were assembled for building the new capital city according to the order of Peter I.... more

hidden Ivangorod, town IVANGOROD, a town in Kingisepp District. Population: 11,200. Located at the western border of Leningrad Oblast. Established in1492, when a stone fortress named in honor of Ivan III, Grand Prince of Moscow and All Russia (see Ivangorod Fortress) was... more

hidden Ivanovsky, Lev Konstantinovich (1845-1892), a scientist Ivanovsky, Lev Konstantinovich (1845-1892), a doctor, archaeologist, anthropologist. He graduated the Medical and Surgical Academy in 1869 with the gold medal and he was suggested to work as an assistant lecturer at the descriptive anatomy... more

hidden Judaism Judaism. This Confession began to disseminate in the St Petersburg Guberniya from the middle of the 19th century. In 1863 the Rabbi activity was permited in St Petersburg and the first prayer meetinghouse was opened, in 1893 the Choral... more

hidden Kingisepp Town coat of arms and flag, the The Kingisepp Town's coat of arms is the official approved heraldic emblem of the Municipal Union “Kingisepskoye gorodskoe poselenie” (the urban-type settlement of Kingisepp) (it was approved with the decision of the Soviet of Deputies of the... more

hidden Larin, Paraske (1883/34-1904), a narrator of runes Paraske Larin or Praskovia Nikitichna (Larina-Stepanova, née Nikitina) (1833/34, the Saint Petersburg Gubernia - 1904, Vaskela Village of the Vyborg Gubernia) was an Izhorian singer of runes and narrator. She was born in Miskyulya Village (it's the... more

hidden Leningrad Oblast, the LENINGRAD OBLAST, subject territory of RF. Area: 83,900 sq. Km (max. Extension from west to east: 446 km, north to south: 325 km.) Population (as of 2002): 1,669,000. The Oblast borders Pskov and Novgorod Oblasts in the south, Vologda Oblast in the... more

hidden Luga, town LUGA, town, adm. center of Luga District. Located 142 km (139 by railway) south of St. Petersburg on the Luga River, after which it was given its name. Population: 40,400. The town is a junction of motor and railroad routes to St. Petersburg,... more

hidden Maps and plans MAPS AND PLANS. The oldest M.a .P. of the Leningrad Oblast area are dated 16th century. The Neva Land and the Karelian Isthmus with the towns of Noteborg (Schlusselburg) and Kexholm (Priozersk), although with many distortions, are presented in... more

hidden Nezhgostitsi, a country estate Nezhgostitsi, a country estate (the sanatorium "Krasny Val", the Luga district). It was the family estate of the boyars Sukins. In the 20th century the estate belonged to A.Ya. Sukin, the commandant of the Peter and Paul Fortress. Under A.Ya. Sukin... more

hidden Nikonov, Nikolay Nikitich (1849 - 1918), an architect Nikolay Nikitich Nikonov (1849 - 1918), an architect,expert of the "russian style". From the 1860s Nikonov learned at the Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg. During 1893-1906 Nikonov was the architect of the St. Petersburg Eparchy. He was the... more

hidden Novgorod Gubernia, the NOVGOROD GUBERNIA, adm. and territorial unit in the north-west of Russia in the 18th – early 20th centuries. It was established in 1727 to comprise five provinces of St. Petersburg Gubernia: Novgorod, Pskov, Velikiye Luki, Tver, and Belozersk. In... more

hidden Novosaratovka, a settlement of Germen-colonists Novosaratovskaya colony (the present village of Novosaratovka of Vsevolozhsk District) is a settlement of Germans - colonists on the right bank of the Neva River. It was founded by immigrants from Württemberg and Brandenburg in 1765. In the 18th... more

hidden Obonezhye OBONEZHYE, historic and cultural region in the north-west of the European Russia. It included lands around Lake Onega. A part of the state of Novgorod: written sources from the 12th century mention the Obonezhskaya Hundred as an adm. and territorial... more

hidden Old Belief Old Belief. The movement of the Russian Orthodox (Old Belivers, ""schimatics"") having the rites which existed before the reforms of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and Patriarch Nikon (the middle of the 17th c). Old Belief are divided into the Popovtsy... more

hidden Olonets Gubernia, the OLONETS GUBERNIA, adm. and territorial unit in the North-West of Russia in the late 18th – early 20th century. Olonets Province (Oblast) was established in1773, with Olonets as its center. In 1776, the province was added to the new-established... more

hidden Orekhovo, village OREKHOVO (Finnish Raasuli before 1948), a village in Priozersk District. Population: 3. Located on the Priozersk Highway. There is also Orekhovo optional stop (population: 57) on the St. Petersburg-Priozersk railway branch. It was mentioned in... more

hidden Priozersk District PRIOZERSK DISTRICT, municipal entity. Population: 63,300 (of these, 20,500 live in Priozersk town, the adm. center.) Area: 3,563.1 sq. km. Located in the eastern and north-eastern parts of the Karelian Isthmus. It borders Vsevolozhsk and Vyborg... more

hidden Priozersk, town PRIOZERSK (Korela; Kexholm until 1948; Finnish Käkisalmi,) town, adm. center of Priozersk District. Population: 19,300. From 1310, the center of Russian possessions in Karelia. It belonged to Sweden in 1580-95 and in 1611-1710. It became territory... more

hidden Protection of monuments of history and culture The protection of history and culture monuments. Issues of the monuments protection are germane to the degree of their studying, right description and fixing. In Russia, the beginnings of interest in monuments of native antiquity were reflected in... more

hidden Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolay Andreyevich (1844-1908), a musician RIMSKY-KORSAKOV, Nikolay Andreyevich (1844, Tikhvin Town - 1908, Lyubensk estate S.-Petersburg Gubernia), composer, teacher, conductor, public figure. In 1862 Rimsky-Korsakov graduated from the Navy military school, until 1865 he served on board... more

hidden Russian-Estonian deanary Russian-Estonian deanary. People of the Baltic States were originally baptized by the Orthodox Church, from 13th с they were converted in Catholicism, from 16th с they were converted in Lutheran. In 1841 the Estonia peasants began to convert... more

hidden Saint Petersburg Gubernia coat of arms, the The Saint Petersburg Gubernia's coat of arms was approved by Emperor on 5 July 1878 and abolished after the Revolution of 1917. Before establishing, according to an unwritten tradition, the Saint Petersburg's coat of arms was also the Saint... more

hidden Schlusselburg, town SCHLÜSSELBURG (Petrokrepost in 1944-92), a town in Kirovsk District. In 1996–2005, a separate municipal entity. Population: 12,400. Located at the head of the Neva River, on its left bank. S. is connected by bus service to Kirovsk and St.... more

hidden Sculptures and monuments Sculptures and monuments. The first sculpture samples appeared in St. Petersburg outskirts at the time of peter I ruling. During the 18th century decorative sculpture was the inherent part of park ensembles of Peterhof, Oraniyenbaum, Tsarskoye... more

hidden Sectarianism Sectarianism. Religious societies, which do not belong to the World religions, are divided conditionally into societies having the West origin, the Russian origin and the East origin. The Seventh Day Adventists (it was formed in the first half of... more

hidden Sestra River, the SESTRA (Swedish Systerback, Finnish Rajajoki / “Frontier River”), a river in Vsevolozhsk and Vyborg Districts of Leningrad Oblast and in St. Petersburg. Length: 74 km. Depth: up to 3 m (in the mouth.) Catchment area: 393 sq. km. It begins in a marsh... more

hidden Uhannus, a festival UHANNUS, festivity. This festivity is well known among the Finns from pre-Christian times, it was celebrated on the day of Summer Solstice (the Day of Ivan – Finnish Uhannus). The Luthran church celebrates Uhannus on June 24th (public street... more

hidden v. Sankt-Peterburg Gubernia, the ST. PETERSBURG GUBERNIA, historic adm. and territorial unit of Russia. Established in 1708 by the decree of Peter I subdividing Russia into eight gubernias. It included the areas of the current Leningrad, Novgorod, Pskov, and Tver Oblasts, and... more

hidden Volkhov painting movement VOLKHOV TOWN PAINTING SCHOOL. Traditions of wood painting are typical for the folklore decorative handicraft developed in the settlements situated in Ladoga Lake area. In St.Petersburg Gubernia the most famous was Volkhov Town Painting School... more

hidden Volkhov District VOLKHOV DISTRICT, a part of Leningrad Oblast. Area: 5124 sq. km, population: 97,300. Established in 1927. Adm. center: Volkhov Town. V. D. comprises the towns of Syasstroy and Novaya Ladoga, and 277 rural localities. Located south of Lake Ladoga on... more

hidden Yevropeus, Daniel (1820-18884), a scholar David Emmanuel Daniel Europaeus (in Finnish - Taneli; in Russian - David Petrovich) (1820-1884) was a folklorist, archaeologist. Ethnographer. He was born in the family of a pastor in Olkkola Farmstead of the parish of Savitaipale of the Vyborg... more